Nobody expects the Spanish Inquisition
This is an open list, anyone can contribute.
According to Pope Sixtus IV, by the year 1482, the Inquisitors at Seville, "without observing juridical prescriptions, have detained many persons in violation of justice, punishing them by severe tortures and imputing to them, without foundation, the crime of heresy."
This list is for heresies and heretics. Feel free to add yours.
I'm sure you don't need to be reminded that heresy is not the same thing as apostasy.
Well, there's also the Hussites, led by Jan Hus. Some others: the Albigensianism (a form of Dualism), Docetism, Gnosticism.
But this could get dicey. I remember once asking an amateur Catholic historian about heresies, and he said: "Oh, like the Presbyterians?"
Maybe stick with pre-Reformation heresies, though even that might get sticky when you get to concepts like Nestorianism...