(n): assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group
(n): a sum granted as reimbursement for expenses
(n): compensation paid (to someone) for damages or losses or money already spent etc.
(n): an amount added or deducted on the basis of qualifying circumstances
(n): payment or reward (as for service rendered)
(n): a permissible difference; allowing some freedom to move within limits
(n): a difference between conflicting facts or claims or opinions
(n): a reserve fund created by a charge against profits in order to provide for changes in the value of a company's assets
(n): funds taken out of earnings to provide for anticipated future payments
(n): the act of allowing
(n): the act of giving a formal (usually written) authorization
(v): put on a fixed allowance, as of food
(v): let have
'You've been helped once to meat,' said Miss Brass, summing up the facts; 'you have had as much as you can eat, you're asked if you want any more, and you answer, "no!" Then don't you ever go and say you were allowanced, mind that.'
—The Old Curiosity Shop, ch. 36
Verb possibly coined by Dickens: the earliest OED citations are here twice and Nicholas Nickleby.